Cloning dilemma: The “Err” code saga and not-so-quick-ligation

  by   Friday, August 14, 2026   No comments

Remember my cloning dilemma story? Well, it slowly turned into a nightmare. 

I made my way back to campus to continue working on my research. It takes time to readjust to everything I left behind for two weeks, hoping that this time, things would finally fall into place after all my previous cloning attempts.

Coincidentally, the research supplies I had been ordering — new ligation kit, primers for colony PCR, and a few other essentials, had finally arrived from the supplier.

Everything was ready. 
The materials were there.
The experiment was waiting.

So, I decided to give my ligation mixture another shot, this time using  the Quick Ligase from NEB. Everything seemed great. It was quick, just like it was named for — Quick Ligase. It saved me a lot of time, and for once, I thought maybe this cloning experiment was finally going to give me some hope...

The ligation was ready.
The samples were ready.
I was ready. 

When I was about to move on to electroporation, I switched on the electroporator… 

And then — ERR. ERROR. No beep. No warning. 

At that point, I was hoping it was just a minor technical issue. Spoiler alert: it wasn’t.

Yup. The electroporator decided that my cloning experiment was the perfect time to have a problem. And just like that, my supposedly “quick” ligation experiment came to a very un-quick halt.

So, I did what any researcher would do when things suddenly go wrong. Apparently, one of the most important skills in research is learning how to search for answers at 2 am.

1) I went down the rabbit hole of Google and ResearchGate
I tried to find out whether other researchers had experienced the same problem — and to convince myself that someone, somewhere, had already suffered through exactly the same thing.

2) Repaired by my own
What was I thinking? I'm not an engineer or a technician.

3) I contacted the supplier
I reported that faulty electroporator error and asked for their advice.

4) I reported (cried) everything to my supervisor

I started thinking, maybe I should just start all over again using the conventional heat-shock method. Back to basics. No electroporation. No fancy troubleshooting. Just my competent cells, my quick ligation mixture, and a little bit of hope.

But guess what?

The refrigerated centrifuge was at faulty too.

One instrument broke down, then another. Every time I thought I had found an alternative route, something else decided to stand in my way. 

It may not be going according to plan. Instead, I somehow ended up sending away that faulty electroporator for a diagnostic repair and it definitely took longer than I expected.

But hey, better late than never.

HaiNow Part II: Exchange Programme to Shanghai Jiao Tong University

  by   Monday, August 03, 2026   No comments

Let’s continue our HaiNow Part II, beginning with…

THIS!

We made our way from Shanghai Pudong International Airport to Shanghai Jiao Tong University campus at 3 pm.

Well… when I say “we”, phew… I wasn’t travelling solo anymore. Somewhere between the long 6-hour flight, China immigration and figuring out where I supposed to go next, I stumbled upon Rehasri, a fellow postgraduate student from INFORMM, USM.

Yes — a Malaysian whom I had actually met in the KLIA departure hall before heading to Pudong… but I didn’t even have the courage to say hello 😅

Looking back, it was comforting to find another Malaysian stranger in China. Both of us were trying to navigate an unfamiliar Shanghai Pudong International Airport while heavily relied on the WeChat group organised by our host institution for directions and updates. 

Not long after, we were greeted by our PIC. I get to know Rehasri in the middle of our conversation while waiting for the arrival of other participants from the Philliphines.

Rehasri was a final-year PhD student already preparing for her upcoming viva voce, with her research focusing on cervical cancer under the supervision of Assoc. Prof. Dr Venugopal Balakrishnan. What made this connection even more fascinating was our supervisors were both serving on the Malaysian biosafety committee. 

What a small world… I guess.

After the Filipinos arrived, me and Rehasri were taken to our assigned room in the middle of Shanghai Jiao Tong University city campus. 

Oh… the breezy air as winter slowly transitioned to spring by the end of March. Shanghai was much colder than I had expected — the chilly weather instantly made me feel passive (sluggish)... As Malaysian I couldn't say more.

I RISE WITH THE SUN 🌞 

I reached my phone, refreshing the weather updates. Oh, it was around 10°C. OK... I was ready with layer of jackets throughout my stay in Shanghai. 

When I was about to check my Gmail, that was when it hit me... 

My Gmail won't simply load.

Well... Welcome to China, where Google services won't work without VPN.

And guess what?

I didn't get a VPN before coming here... ugh. 

Later, Rehasri asked if I wanted to go out and explored the Shanghai city with the Vietnamese and another Malaysian postgraduate from INFORMM, USM as well. 

That was when I knew we actually had Hugo in our Malaysian group. 

Amid jetlag, I politely declined the offer. Instead, I decided to take a nap and well-rested for the next day activities. 

Oh, and at 12 am on 17 March 2026, I celebrated my birthday in Shanghai...

with this Chinese mooncake. 

A simple birthday, but definitely the one I will remember. 

Cloning dilemma

  by   Sunday, August 02, 2026   No comments
For once, I wanted to distance myself from everything that happened inside those four walls — the cloning experiments that failed, the endless PCR troubleshooting, and the electrotransformation that didn’t turn out the way I hoped. 

I told myself, this one week-break was supposed to be a time to retrace which protocols I overlooked.

 
Double digestion? Done 

Gel-purification? Done 

Ligation mix? Done 

Electrotransformation? Done 

Recovery of transformed cells? Done 


After 16-18 hours of incubation at 37°C on the selective antibiotic agar plates, I saw…there were colonies. I mean, TRANSFORMED COLONIES…

For a brief moment, I genuinely let myself believe it had finally worked. 

But, science has a way of humbling you. 

I picked the transformed colonies, already anticipating the next steps. Colony PCR first. Restriction digestion after that. 

Then… reality hit. 



No expected PCR band. No plasmid to verify… The colonies were there, but the plasmid wasn’t. I still confused, trying to make sense of these endless questions. 

What went wrong? Did I miss something? 


I need answers! — so, I did what every clueless postgraduate student does — I reported (ok… maybe I literally cried) to my supervisor. After all, he's the only premium researcher adult — An expert sifu who's practically capable of turning these countless failed cloning experiments in the lab into an instant diagnosis of what went wrong. 

“It’s probably AMR. Antimicrobial resistance” 

I blinked. I was fully prepared for a Nobel Prize-level explanation. Instead, I got three letters: AMR… 

“What antibiotics are you using?” he asked. 

“Kanamycin,” I replied. 

“OK… Shewanella is resistant to kanamycin”. 

Oh… that was it? I wasn’t convinced because I was expecting something more complicated — a failed ligation, inefficient electrotransformation, or some hidden experimental mysteries that only an expert researcher adult could decode. 


Then, came the final verdict of this cloning dilemma. 

“Get a new kanamycin from our supplier,” he said. “And get a ligase that works at room temperature. Your ligation most probably failed”. 

Honestly, I couldn’t agree more… I’ll work on it next week.


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